Shanghai Business School and Hong Kong Essay

Shanghai Business School and Hong Kong Essay Shanghai: Business School and Hong Kong Essay Excellent worldwide reporting requires speculation. It would be ideal if you share this article with others utilizing the connection beneath, don't cut and glue the article. See our Ts&Cs and Copyright Policy for more detail. Email ftsales.support@ft.com to purchase extra rights. ft.com/cms/s/2/47414878-c0a6-11df-94f9-00144feab49a.html#ixzz2UB65VYx7 A few people are sufficiently fortunate to carry on with an existence of extravagance. The amazingly named Raphael le Masne de Chermont is extraordinary, anyway †he has committed his profession to it. Subsequent to graduating in 1987 with his lords in the board capability from Audencia Nantes School of Management, the French grande à ©cole, de Chermont worked for the absolute greatest brands in the arrangement of Switzerland’s Richemont bunch †Cartier, Piaget, Panerai and Baume and Mercier †in the UK, Belgium and Hong Kong. By 2001, be that as it may, he needed a change from the universe of watches and gems, and asked Richemont to place him responsible for one of its littler speculations, Hong Kong-based Shanghai Tang. As CEO he has guided the change of an idea dependent on the customs of Shanghai fitting into China’s first lavish way of life brand †winning himself the casual title of â€Å"le mandarin de luxe† in the French press. His three years at one of France’s top business colleges have helped de Chermont, 46, all through his profession, however there is not a viable alternative for experience. â€Å"The business college gives all of you the rudiments, including how to peruse an accounting report, advertising, HR, charge, financial investigations, etc, so it gives you an expansive image of what you can experience in the expert world,† he says. â€Å"But it doesn’t supplant a decent first activity or a profession, since what you’re missing in the investigations some of the time is, obviously, the genuine experience of human connections and how to deal with various issues.† While the cases that understudies analyze at business colleges can show how an idea can be transformed into a plan of action, live that experience as well, he says. â€Å"Until you are responsible for it, you don’t truly feel the weight. You learn through torment now and again, and by attempting things and making mistakes.† One amazement for him in the wake of leaving Audencia was how much time he would spend selling †and how valuable it could be. More ON THIS STORY Understanding the positioning Bosses of the universe Indian School of Business India hurries into business instruction Nearby legend IIM Ahmedabad faces what's to come IN BUSINESS EDUCATION Term of the day ‘fund family’ Term of the day ‘free float’ Hã ©ctor Izquierdo, IE Business School Term of the day ‘fat tails’ â€Å"It’s interesting, when you move on from a business college you think you don’t need to sell, since that isn't what you’re intended to do, and really I sold a great deal toward the start of my vocation. That’s what gave me trust in business †all my vocation I’ve been selling. To set up showcasing and brand systems, you have to see how to sell.† This blend of instruction and experience has satisfied de Chermont’s vision at Shanghai Tang. The organization had started as a particular, craftsmanship deco Hong Kong boutique, established in the mid-1990s by David Tang and supplied with Chinese-made garments and embellishments. It turned into a major draw for the a large number of guests to Hong Kong around the hour of its handover to China in 1997, yet a second outlet in New York was less effective and it appeared the idea was not voyaging admirably. â€Å"They were a piece stuck,† he says. â€Å"They needed to bring this idea, in view of amazingly ethnic, delightful yet not effectively wearable [clothes], to the following stage. That’s where my group and I came in. We stated, ‘Let’s deal with this idea, keep the DNA of what David had made and placed it into an appropriate brand that would travel, have a nearness all around, be pertinent and wearable, and still be Shanghai Tang and different.’† One of the upsides of decent instruction, be it from a business college or somewhere else, is that it can instill a longing to keep learning

Apple: Competitive Strategies and Government Policies Essay

Modified works For each benefit arranged industry to get by in the globalize advertise; they should utilized rivalry procedures that suit their activities and furthermore remember their rivals and target set to be accomplished. This causes each organization to feel the strain to be effective and to keep up coming out on top. This weight assumes huge job in the endurance of industry in the serious market. The impact of weight looked by businesses can either positive for the main business or negative when overwhelmed by rivals. Apple has gone into the innovative cell phones industry with an impact and bestowed worry into contenders inside a similar business. Disregarding the way that Apple costs their things/items at a higher contribution esteem, their items are consistently implied as top of the line and worth the extra cost. The cost of Apple’s stock, which was viewed as an inadequacy to contenders, has shown to help support in their flourishing Presentation Rivalry and Mergers As market become globalizes and new organizations enter the serious market, there is consistently a longing to be one of the main makers in the field of creation for both the participants and the current organizations. Apple is one of the organizations that endeavor to be magnificent in the field of its assembling items. Being a multi-billion dollar industry in innovation that has more than 30 years of experience that can show any new business how to be effective. Additionally, Apple has picked up from past slips up like esteeming a thing too high moreover obliging the shade of an item to one shading. For example, when the IPod previously turned out in the mid 2000’s it was esteemed at $999.99 one penny short of one thousand dollars. The IPod was esteemed starting at right now in light of the fact that they expected to seem like a select item. The ruin to their new item was that itâ just balanced with Apple PCs restricting the versatility of the select item Apple can show another new contestants association about globalization, considering the way that they are an overall business that has made billions of dollars and will continue making billions. Apple imagines fresh out of the box new thoughts by making their items snappier and with more cutoff than contenders. Moreover, Apple tends to be the first to make a thing before contenders. The IPad was a one of a kind creation of Apple that was before contenders. After the appearance of the IPad contenders took after with their own specific structure called the tablet. Apple presently can't seem to combine with another association and should never need to do all things considered. Apple makes most of their things themselves and has wound up being a champion among the best associations in the advancement business. Anyway Apple has bought a pace of Beats which is association th at makes headphones for music devices. One acknowledges that Apple bought a pace of Beats considering the way that they expected to separate their portfolio Government Policies and Regulations The business electronic contraption industry is tangled. Concerning matter of laws, guidelines, obligations, and government guidelines, different factors apply. With such a huge industry, diverse relationship at the area, state, and even government level work together to direct the business. Also, amazingly more affiliations exist that are covertly run help to control the business. Generally speaking, while referencing frameworks and guidelines, the Commercial Electronic device Industry is dependent upon various sorts of regulatory laws and guidelines. These laws may intertwine the laws that identify with security. You in addition have a few governments that manage the local substance, charges and tolls; they may oblige obligations or other trade hindrances as well. Exactly when there are new establishments or any sorts of changes to existing approvals it can achieve those in the business electronic contraptions industry expecting to deal with an extra cost. Dependably overseers are finding the opportunity to be stricter with the laws and guidelines managing the business electronic contraptions industry. The present and anticipated government arrangements and guidelines melding costs and guidelines set up to pass on issues identified with externalities. By andâ large the organization courses of action towards the earth and costs, has control measures for guideline and establishment. Through your association, the plans are wanted to achieve progressively gainful utilization of the favorable circumstances that are made open to the customers. To drive a replacement between the focal points that is available and gives a sparkle from the association methodology. While the get together reductions to introduce common assessments so the current expenses are in regards to natures with the comprehension of the fundamental issue in setting commitments for the state. â€Å"Our pledge to client protection doesn’t stop in light of an administration data request†(Apple, 2015). Government data mentioning is an aftereffect of coordinating in the propelled age. Apple has trust in being as clear and direct as the law permits about what data is mentioned from the association. In addition, Apple has never worked with any overseeing body office from any nation to make a â€Å"roundabout access† in any of their items. Apple has likewise never permitted any organization access to their servers, and imparts that they never will. Worldwide Competition and Management Decisions Apple, Inc.’s change from the association it was pounding a way’s commencement to the association it is in the current day is a delayed consequence of various indispensable organization decisions. These decisions assist them with concentrating on customer needs while growing bit of the pie. As appeared by displaying magazine (2010), â€Å"Apple has developed itself as a nuclear family name in a business division where advancement is persistently progressing, and clients vivaciously envision the accompanying tremendous thing† (p. 18). Despite the extended competition in the flexible correspondence and individualized registering industry, Apple has kept up its situation as the business heads. While Apple continues attempting to give innovative things to clients, contenders compass to outperform Apple’s accomplishment in the business. Carare (2013) communicated that cell phone creators get commonly high advantages. To be sure, significantly under these conditions, a couple of business visionaries make use of off the mark activities to attract customers, which realizes advantage. Apple picks to utilize sensible trade rehearses even while contenders have the ability to copy their things accordinglyâ lessening Apple’s inclination over rivalry. Apple items are laid out in California, anyway remembering the ultimate objective to keep up their serious edge; they reduce age costs by having their things gathered underway lines the world over. While this could free them up to liabilities concerning inappropriate work practices, Apple satisfies hopes about with its providers to ensure moral techniques as to remote masters. Around the globe Apple laborers are joined in bringing correspondence, human rights, and deference for the earth to the most significant layers of our stock network†. Getting ready tasks intend to train and connect with workers while attempting to invigorate security of our basic resources Jeff Williams, Senior Vice President of Operations at Apple, (2015). Nearby Competition Apple has a wide scope of challenges in the unmistakable serious markets especially with their nearby rivalry. A significant test is the Research and Development which they for the most part need to stay centered of to show up as something different all through their activity. There will reliably be bugs that they should adjust yet they should keep centered of it. Another test for Apple is that with a particular ultimate objective to stay centered of their situation with Windows Operating System around the world and being significantly progressively broad spread appeared differently in relation to the mackintosh working framework. Windows working framework is on MacBook’s and I-Mac(Desktops) of Apple, they have to move toward no matter how you look at it availability of Macintosh, it is liberated from disease not in any manner like Windows where reliably a few or interchange contamination is discovered making issues in gear and programming. Headways in the Windows stage, joining those remembered for Windows 98 and Windows NT, or those typical to be fused in new types of Windows to be introduced later on, have added components to the Windows stage/stage that make the differences between the Mac OS and Microsoft’s Windows working frameworks less noteworthy. Macintosh has and is at present taking and will continue making moves to respond to the concentrated loads being determined to its PC bargains as a delayed consequence of the late headways in the Windows working framework. Apple’s future consolidated working outcomes and fiscal condition are on the whole that much dependent on the ability to keep on making changes to the Macintosh stage to keep up observed utilitarianâ preferences over contending stages. As customers become globalized, they compel organizations to consider globalizing their strategy. A contender like Apple who globalizes expeditiously can have a phenomenal opportunity to make monetary parts of scale and scoop and the upper purpose of inclination. The distinct advantages got by an early member into a business part. Concerning creating markets, Apple does and will speak to a risk now and later on within the gathering of their opponents. End Apple has exhibited during an opportunity to outperform with meeting all responsibilities through genuine maters, surpassing desires inside their industry, restricting mergers, and rising to neighborhood rivalry. Mac is a successful orga

Slime molds :: essays research papers

sludge shape sludge shape or ooze fungus,a heterotrophic life form once viewed as a growth however later grouped with the Protista. In an ongoing arrangement of characterization dependent on examination of nucleic corrosive (hereditary material) groupings, sludge molds have been ordered in a significant gathering called the eukarya (or eukaryotes), which incorporates plants and creatures. There are two gatherings of ooze shape, the plasmodial ooze molds of the phylum (division) Myxomycota and the phone sludge molds of Acrasiomycota. Ooze molds have complex life cycles that might be partitioned into an animallike motile stage, in which development and taking care of happen, and a plantlike, immotile, conceptive stage. The motile stage is normally found under decaying logs and soggy leaves, where cellulose is copious. It comprises in the phone sludge molds of single, amebalike cells, and in the Myxomycota of a coenocytic (multinucleate) mass of cellular material called a plasmodium, which crawls about by ameboid development. Plasmodia regularly develop to a breadth of a few inches and are every now and again splendidly hued. The two kinds ingest strong nourishment particles utilizing a procedure called phagocytosis (see endocytosis). They feed on living microorganisms, for example, microscopic organisms and yeasts, just as rotting vegetation. Prior to entering the regenerative stage, a plasmodium moves to a drier, better-lit spot, for example, the highest point of a log. In the amebalike, or cell, ooze molds, up t o 125,000 individual cells total and stream together, framing a multicellular mass called a pseudoplasmodium that looks like a slug and creeps about before settling in an area with worthy warmth and splendor. In the regenerative stage the plasmodium or pseudoplasmodium is changed into at least one conceptive structures called fruiting bodies, each comprising of a tail beat by a spore-creating container that looks like the conceptive structures of numerous parasites. In the end the cellulose-walled spores are discharged and scattered; they develop in wet spots, discharging bare cells. In a common plasmodial ooze shape the sprouted spores experience an ameboid or lashed swimming stage, trailed by sexual combinations and cell divisions. The diploid ameboid cell (i.e., the zygote) develops and its core partitions more than once, bringing about the arrangement of another plasmodium. Under unfavorable conditions a plasmodium might be changed into a hard, dry, inert mass called a sclerotium. Impervious to drying up, it turns into a plasmodium again when great conditions return. On account of the phone sludge forms, every spore discharged turns into a solitary one-celled critter, which takes care of independently until starving cells discharge a concoction signal that makes them total into another pseudoplasmodium, and the procedure is rehashed.

Relationship Between News Media and Voting - 3575 Words

Relationship Between News Media and Voting (Research Proposal Sample) Content: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEWS MEDIA AND VOTINGStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s name:Course:Tutor:Institutional Affiliation:Date:RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEWS MEDIA AND VOTINGIntroductionVarious political parties in the United Kingdom invest heavily in news media to the extent of borrowing loans to finance newsworthy events so as to gain media coverage (Norris 2014 p. 3). Such practices indicate the importance attached to the right public opinion through the news. The voting behaviors have become complicated over time. In the past, the political manifestos of the different parties and candidates were the sole determinants of political success. However, in recent years, election victory is no longer inherent and determined in this way as various resurgent factors play a part in determining the election outcomes (Alotaibi 2013 p. 1). One of the factors thought to influence the election outcome is the media. As a result, an important question on whether news media affects the voting preferenc es of the electorate has emerged. The effect of news media on the voting behavior is not well known. This research proposal investigates the relationship between news media and voting.News media is an umbrella term used to refer to all the sources and presentations that provide news coverage and information to the public. News media include sources such as the television, newspapers, radio, magazines, websites and blogs (Brandenburg Van Egmond 2011 p. 441). Dialogue with the public characterizes news media by connecting with the people and tailoring conversations on various societal issues. As a result, news media enable people from all over the world to share, comment on, and discuss the wide variety of concerns affecting them thus, creating an interactive community (Brandenburg Van Egmond 2011 p. 441). Voting, on the other hand, expresses a formal decision by the public to elect a particular person to a certain post. It signifies a choice for an individual candidate to hold an o ffice. There are several factors that influence voting choices. News media is the primary source of political information thus playing an important, informative role to the public (Ladd 2006 p. 2). Therefore, news media could change the opinion of the electorate in the general elections.There are several arguments as to whether or not the news media have an effect on the attitudes of the viewers and voting behavior. Classical studies on voting behavior have identified useful voting patterns among individual voters (Alotaibi 2013 p. 3). Many people have expressed their concerns that political beliefs may be manipulated by news media, therefore, bias voters. However, few studies connect the relationship between news media and voting patterns. The news media outlets provide political information to the public through the slant of detailed reports or the stories that they choose to cover (Aceproject 2015). Nevertheless, it is not well known whether the information provided by news media helps shape knowledge and political opinions of voters in the United Kingdom to influence their voting patterns. Therefore, it is imperative to understand whether the exposure to media news has a sizeable impact in shaping publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s political knowledge, attitudes and voting behavior. This study will identify the relationship between news media and voting preferences in the United Kingdom.Study BackgroundSome literature suggests that news media sways the political economy of a given country. Such research shows that the emergence of news media has facilitated the rapid distribution of political information among the population affecting the formation of votersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ opinions and changing the way people vote. Therefore, it is an empirical task to understand the effect of news media on the preference of people when voting (Ladd 2006 p. 5). Various studies explaining this relationship have been conducted and published in different parts of the world. Most of these studies show a positive correlation between news media and voting tendencies. On the other hand, other studies show little effect of news media on votersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ choices. However, most of the existing information focuses more on the potential news media induced bias among the electorate leading to a shift in voting that would otherwise have not been there if the news media was unavailable. This chapter reviews the existing literature and theories on the relationship between news media and voting.A study conducted by Stefano Della Vigna and Ethan Kaplan in 2007 aimed to unearth the political impact of media bias and its effect on voting preferences for either the Democratic or Republican political party in the United States. They examined the timing and entry of Fox news to the local cable markets and its impact on the voting preferences in the United States. According to Della Vigna and Kaplan (2007), the introduction of Fox News was likely to have a significant effect on the available political information. As a result, an estimated 4 to 7 % of Democratic voters were swayed to vote for the Republicans in States that had Fox News introduced. The key finding was that they detected a substantial impact on voting for the Republican candidates thus confirming that news media bias affects voting through the case of Fox News expansion. Additionally, the study also proved that news media have a positive correlation with voter turn-out (DellaVigna Kaplan 2007 p. 13). These results apply to other media markets and countries such as the United Kingdom as well.Pippa Norris examined whether the media mattered in the 2005 British General Election in shaping the choices of the electorate. According to Norris (2005), media coverage has a direct effect on electoral behavior with the capability to prime attitudes towards salient issue agenda. Therefore, news media can persuade the wavering citizens and shape their voting preferences. Media coverage also mobilizes voters to partic ipate in elections and indirectly determines the level of party support by voters and the electoral outcomes (Norris 2005 p. 6). In this way, the media coverage of campaigns can alter voting behavior and political party support. However, the study findings revealed that no single channel was most active in shaping votersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ opinions. The evaluation of policy performance of the various candidates and parties by the media enabled viewers to choose their preferred candidate with ease (Norris 2006 p. 14). The study advocates for a subsequent research to evaluate the effect of party leaders, policies and perceptions evaluation by the media on voting.There are two major theoretical predictions on news media effect on voting. The first theory captures rational learning and predicts that the exposure to the media have an impact on the beliefs and voting in the short run. A news media that reports more positive news and less negative news about an individual candidate changes the per spective of the public on that candidate (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 4). In such a case, a rational viewer knows the extent of the bias and realizes that the bad news of the candidate gets withheld while the good news gets exaggerated. If the audience knows the source of the bias, it will discount the story about the candidate and will not be persuaded by the biased news in voting. However, if the source of the bias is unknown, the viewer alters his/her beliefs to conform to those presented by the news media. In the short run, the viewer is inclined to vote for the candidate presented in the news media. However, in the long term, the viewer learns about the bias after comparing the new media with other media sources (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 4). Therefore, he/she is no longer influenced by the news media when making his/her voting decision.The second theory in behavioral in nature and addresses the non-rational persuasion of news media. It implies that news media affect the beli efs and voting patterns of individuals in the long run (Alotaibi, 2013 p. 7). In this case, the non-rational viewer fails to filter out the bias in news media sources. The viewer, therefore, places little weight on the source of the media as being biased. However, he/she places a lot of weight on the news reports but disregards the source (Prior 2005 p. 578). As a result, the behavioral viewer underweights the degree of bias in the reports generated by the news media believing them to be true. Nonetheless, he/she eventually identifies the extent of bias in the news reports of the media source but is nevertheless persuaded in voting because he/she ignores the extent that the media source impacts on the news reports. As a result of this behavioral scenario, the news media has a strong permanent effect on voting that does not reduce over an extended period (DellaVigna Kaplan 2007 p. 5). An alternative interpretation of this phenomenon is that people choose the media sources that they identify with in terms of politics. Their views match that of the news media that they choose.The two theories explain the impact of news media bias on voting. The rational and behavioral theory presents similar short-run predictions but different long-term expectations (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 5). The first approach in describes the impact that the introduction of Fox News had on voter bias towards the Republicans. Fox News was a new media source for the Republicans. Therefore, the viewer found that the news about the Republicans in the new channel to be positive contrary to their expectations. As a result, this altered their beliefs and voting patterns for the Republicans. However, the viewer leaves room for the possibility that the news media could be biased (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 4). With time after comparing it the news media with other media sources, the audience sees the new news media as biased... Relationship Between News Media and Voting - 3575 Words Relationship Between News Media and Voting (Research Proposal Sample) Content: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEWS MEDIA AND VOTINGStudentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s name:Course:Tutor:Institutional Affiliation:Date:RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEWS MEDIA AND VOTINGIntroductionVarious political parties in the United Kingdom invest heavily in news media to the extent of borrowing loans to finance newsworthy events so as to gain media coverage (Norris 2014 p. 3). Such practices indicate the importance attached to the right public opinion through the news. The voting behaviors have become complicated over time. In the past, the political manifestos of the different parties and candidates were the sole determinants of political success. However, in recent years, election victory is no longer inherent and determined in this way as various resurgent factors play a part in determining the election outcomes (Alotaibi 2013 p. 1). One of the factors thought to influence the election outcome is the media. As a result, an important question on whether news media affects the voting preferenc es of the electorate has emerged. The effect of news media on the voting behavior is not well known. This research proposal investigates the relationship between news media and voting.News media is an umbrella term used to refer to all the sources and presentations that provide news coverage and information to the public. News media include sources such as the television, newspapers, radio, magazines, websites and blogs (Brandenburg Van Egmond 2011 p. 441). Dialogue with the public characterizes news media by connecting with the people and tailoring conversations on various societal issues. As a result, news media enable people from all over the world to share, comment on, and discuss the wide variety of concerns affecting them thus, creating an interactive community (Brandenburg Van Egmond 2011 p. 441). Voting, on the other hand, expresses a formal decision by the public to elect a particular person to a certain post. It signifies a choice for an individual candidate to hold an o ffice. There are several factors that influence voting choices. News media is the primary source of political information thus playing an important, informative role to the public (Ladd 2006 p. 2). Therefore, news media could change the opinion of the electorate in the general elections.There are several arguments as to whether or not the news media have an effect on the attitudes of the viewers and voting behavior. Classical studies on voting behavior have identified useful voting patterns among individual voters (Alotaibi 2013 p. 3). Many people have expressed their concerns that political beliefs may be manipulated by news media, therefore, bias voters. However, few studies connect the relationship between news media and voting patterns. The news media outlets provide political information to the public through the slant of detailed reports or the stories that they choose to cover (Aceproject 2015). Nevertheless, it is not well known whether the information provided by news media helps shape knowledge and political opinions of voters in the United Kingdom to influence their voting patterns. Therefore, it is imperative to understand whether the exposure to media news has a sizeable impact in shaping publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s political knowledge, attitudes and voting behavior. This study will identify the relationship between news media and voting preferences in the United Kingdom.Study BackgroundSome literature suggests that news media sways the political economy of a given country. Such research shows that the emergence of news media has facilitated the rapid distribution of political information among the population affecting the formation of votersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ opinions and changing the way people vote. Therefore, it is an empirical task to understand the effect of news media on the preference of people when voting (Ladd 2006 p. 5). Various studies explaining this relationship have been conducted and published in different parts of the world. Most of these studies show a positive correlation between news media and voting tendencies. On the other hand, other studies show little effect of news media on votersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ choices. However, most of the existing information focuses more on the potential news media induced bias among the electorate leading to a shift in voting that would otherwise have not been there if the news media was unavailable. This chapter reviews the existing literature and theories on the relationship between news media and voting.A study conducted by Stefano Della Vigna and Ethan Kaplan in 2007 aimed to unearth the political impact of media bias and its effect on voting preferences for either the Democratic or Republican political party in the United States. They examined the timing and entry of Fox news to the local cable markets and its impact on the voting preferences in the United States. According to Della Vigna and Kaplan (2007), the introduction of Fox News was likely to have a significant effect on the available political information. As a result, an estimated 4 to 7 % of Democratic voters were swayed to vote for the Republicans in States that had Fox News introduced. The key finding was that they detected a substantial impact on voting for the Republican candidates thus confirming that news media bias affects voting through the case of Fox News expansion. Additionally, the study also proved that news media have a positive correlation with voter turn-out (DellaVigna Kaplan 2007 p. 13). These results apply to other media markets and countries such as the United Kingdom as well.Pippa Norris examined whether the media mattered in the 2005 British General Election in shaping the choices of the electorate. According to Norris (2005), media coverage has a direct effect on electoral behavior with the capability to prime attitudes towards salient issue agenda. Therefore, news media can persuade the wavering citizens and shape their voting preferences. Media coverage also mobilizes voters to partic ipate in elections and indirectly determines the level of party support by voters and the electoral outcomes (Norris 2005 p. 6). In this way, the media coverage of campaigns can alter voting behavior and political party support. However, the study findings revealed that no single channel was most active in shaping votersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ opinions. The evaluation of policy performance of the various candidates and parties by the media enabled viewers to choose their preferred candidate with ease (Norris 2006 p. 14). The study advocates for a subsequent research to evaluate the effect of party leaders, policies and perceptions evaluation by the media on voting.There are two major theoretical predictions on news media effect on voting. The first theory captures rational learning and predicts that the exposure to the media have an impact on the beliefs and voting in the short run. A news media that reports more positive news and less negative news about an individual candidate changes the per spective of the public on that candidate (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 4). In such a case, a rational viewer knows the extent of the bias and realizes that the bad news of the candidate gets withheld while the good news gets exaggerated. If the audience knows the source of the bias, it will discount the story about the candidate and will not be persuaded by the biased news in voting. However, if the source of the bias is unknown, the viewer alters his/her beliefs to conform to those presented by the news media. In the short run, the viewer is inclined to vote for the candidate presented in the news media. However, in the long term, the viewer learns about the bias after comparing the new media with other media sources (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 4). Therefore, he/she is no longer influenced by the news media when making his/her voting decision.The second theory in behavioral in nature and addresses the non-rational persuasion of news media. It implies that news media affect the beli efs and voting patterns of individuals in the long run (Alotaibi, 2013 p. 7). In this case, the non-rational viewer fails to filter out the bias in news media sources. The viewer, therefore, places little weight on the source of the media as being biased. However, he/she places a lot of weight on the news reports but disregards the source (Prior 2005 p. 578). As a result, the behavioral viewer underweights the degree of bias in the reports generated by the news media believing them to be true. Nonetheless, he/she eventually identifies the extent of bias in the news reports of the media source but is nevertheless persuaded in voting because he/she ignores the extent that the media source impacts on the news reports. As a result of this behavioral scenario, the news media has a strong permanent effect on voting that does not reduce over an extended period (DellaVigna Kaplan 2007 p. 5). An alternative interpretation of this phenomenon is that people choose the media sources that they identify with in terms of politics. Their views match that of the news media that they choose.The two theories explain the impact of news media bias on voting. The rational and behavioral theory presents similar short-run predictions but different long-term expectations (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 5). The first approach in describes the impact that the introduction of Fox News had on voter bias towards the Republicans. Fox News was a new media source for the Republicans. Therefore, the viewer found that the news about the Republicans in the new channel to be positive contrary to their expectations. As a result, this altered their beliefs and voting patterns for the Republicans. However, the viewer leaves room for the possibility that the news media could be biased (DellaVigna Kaplan, 2007 p. 4). With time after comparing it the news media with other media sources, the audience sees the new news media as biased...

Minimum Wage - 1943 Words

Rachael Lawless Ellingson ENG#101-21202 Rough Draft 22 November 2011 No Title Yet Minimum wage has been a continuing matter since its first establishment, and it is something everyone faces. Though, the recurring problem being brought up again and again is the issue of being underpaid, and is the set minimum wage fair? And will raising minimum wage be more beneficial or harmful in the long run? Through its history can society better understand and find a solution to this problem. Minimum wage was not instituted in the United States until the 1920s, and the idea of wages being determined by the hour was introduced in the 1930s. The Fair Labor Standards Act was born and passed through the Supreme Court in 1938, as well as the Wage and†¦show more content†¦For instance, â€Å"creating lower minimum wages for students and new hires could preserve jobs† as â€Å"the student minimum wage would permit employers to hire season workers without bearing the full cost of adult employment† (Hicks). It is also suggested that after employed un skilled workers work for â€Å"more after 90 to 120 days of employment†, they can gain a paid more than from when they started working. This policy could spare the training of those unskilled workers by other employee. These recommendations suggest that instead lowering minimum wage for full-time and long-time employers, lowering the rate for students and new employees and sparing the employees from training unskilled workers could essentially save a company money, while establishing a fairer work environment. A solution that workers themselves can implement, is improving their skills in the work force and outside of their working environment. â€Å"After improving skills, minimum-wage employees receive raises at a rate nearly six times higher than everyone else† (Berman), which means that if employees were to improve on their skills inside the work force and outside the work force, such as reading or showing up for work in a timely manner, and it shows in their work, they will be paid more and given raises due to their quality of work becoming more refined. A company will want a skilled worker, and will be more willingShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage And The Wage916 Words   |  4 PagesEliminate the Minimum Wage Darity Has described minimum wage as: â€Å"Minimum-wage legislation has been to improve the terms of employment of the least-fortunate wage earners.† (Darity) Since the beginning of minimum wage laws in 1270 France the intentions of minimum wage legislation has been good. The idea is that a worker is worth a certain amount regardless of the work they are able to do. One can see how this could create inefficiencies in an economy. The law was meant to help poor families.Read MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pages Minimum wage requires paying every employee a specific wage regardless of the employee productivity. It is the responsibility of the government to set the minimum wage. To understand this, a biology analogy can be used: some animals are stronger compared to others. In economic perspective, some people are relatively unable to deliver compared to others. Among them include, disabled, unskilled, and the youth. Due to their low productivity, th ey are entitled lower wages corresponding to their effortsRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesRoyer Political Science 120 7 November 2016 Increase Minimum Wage Introduction The United States’ minimum wage has been a concerning issue amongst the low wage earners because of the amount they earn is not enough for them to live on their own. Therefore causing the citizens who earn minimum wage to have an impossible time finding a place to stay and expenses for daily survival. Increasing the minimum wage will solve the issues that the minimum wage earners make, thus increasing the chances of survivalRead MoreThe Wage Is The Minimum Wage1098 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 9 6/5/16 â€Å"The minimum wage is the minimum hourly wage an employer can pay an employee for work. 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A price floor is a minimum price for a product or service above the market’s equilibrium priceRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1269 Words   |  6 PagesMinimum Wage There are a lot of people around the world who struggle with money and a satisfactory way of life. Whether they be in the United States or across the globe, there is a standard minimum wage set for the working class of their country. In the Unites States, there is a federal minimum wage of seven dollars and twenty five cents per hour worked. Almost every state has another set minimum wage, which typically is a little higher than the federal minimum wage, but it cannot be lower thanRead MoreThe Wage Of The Minimum Wage871 Words   |  4 PagesWith the presidential elections right around the corner policy on minimum wage has come up for debate once again. William Hoar from The New American argues in his article â€Å"Misguided minimum wage mandate† that raising the minimum wage will only result in loss of jobs. According to the editorial board at USA Today, â€Å" inflation adjusted income of the top 1 percent has grown by 58 percent and the remaining 99 percent has only gr own by 6.4 percent†. They then state that a raise to 15 dollars an hour onlyRead MoreMinimum Wage863 Words   |  4 PagesMinimum wage is a controversial topic because everybody wants more. People want more money and some think that just increasing minimum wage can increase more money that they get. However, this is far from the truth as sometimes employers can’t pay their employers more than minimum wage. Not to mention that if the minimum wage goes up so does the price of everything else in order to adjust for the new price. So essentially increasing the wage majorly does nothing except maybe lower the value of yourRead MoreMinimum Wage and Its Implications763 Words   |  3 PagesMinimum wage affects everyone. The current minimum wage is at $7.25 and President Obama announced that he wished to see a change in the minimum wage, he wants to raise the hourly wage to $10.10. A rise in the income of those who are employed will also raise the cost of hiring unskilled lab or and can potentially reduce the number of people hired by businesses. Also, if minimum wage is raised then the price of the products that the companies are making might increase which will continue the cycle ofRead MoreMinimum Wage And The Wage1639 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum wage is one of the many microeconomic policies that serve to correct imbalance in the economy. It is defined as the lowest amount of remuneration required of an employer to pay his employees during a given period of work. There exist different laws in different states that can fix the minimum wage policy. A current economic issue is minimum wage, or specifically, its pertinence to social inequality. Many sectors of society would be affected by changes in this policy. Minimum wage relies on

Essay The Critical Philosophy of Immanuel Kant - 2525 Words

The Critical Philosophy of Immanuel Kant Criticism is Kants original achievement; it identifies him as one of the greatest thinkers of mankind and as one of the most influential authors in contemporary philosophy. But it is important to understand what Kant means bycriticism, or critique. In a general sense the term refers to a general cultivation of reason by way of the secure path of science (Bxxx). More particularly, its use is not negative, but positive, a fact that finds expression in the famous expression, I have therefore found it necessary to deny knowledge to make room for faith (Bxxx). Correspondingly, its negative use consists in not allowing ones self to venture with speculative reason beyond the limits of†¦show more content†¦This interpenetration finds its expression in judgements that are a priori and yet synthetic, on the one hand, and yet synthetic and a priori on the other. Kant thought that he could attain this goal only by way of a changed point of view (Bxvi) referred to as a Copernician revolu tion. On the supposition, thus far considered valid, that all our knowledge must conform to objects (Bxvi), a priori judgements that enlarge Mans knowledge synthetically are impossible. Here, one needs the opposite assumption, according to which we suppose that objects must conform to our knowledge (Bxvi); only in this way we are able to have knowledge of objects a priori determining something in regard to them prior to their being given (ibid.) Consequently, we can know a priori of things only what we ourselves put into them (Bxviii); this means that the process of knowing a priori has to do only with appearances, and must leave the thing-in-itself as indeed real per se, but as not known by us (Bxx). Since, however, all of metaphysics aims at the thing-in-itself, speculative reason, by which, as had been said, we never transcend the limits of possible experience (Bxix), is unable to rise to the metaphysical level. Kants Critique of Knowledge Kant perfects his criticism of knowledge in the Critique of Pure Reason, which moves from transcendentalShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Immanuel Kants Arguements in The Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals†542 Words   |  3 PagesControversies course textbook, Immanuel Kant argues that the view of the world and its laws is structured by human concepts and categories, and the rationale of it is the source of morality which depends upon belief in the existence of God. In Kant’s work, categorical imperative was established in order to have a standard rationale from where all moral requirements derive. Therefore, categorical imperative is an obligation to act morally, out of duty and good will alone. In Immanuel Kant’s writing human reasonRead MoreKantian Ethics And The Categorical Imperative Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Kantian Ethics and critiques In Elements of Pure Practical Reason Book, I, Immanuel Kant, a prominent late Enlightenment Era German philosopher discusses his most famous ethical theory, the â€Å"Categorical Imperative.† The â€Å"Categorical Imperative† is a proposed universal law in stating all humans are forbidden from certain actions regardless of consequences. Although this is the general definition of this ethical theory, the Categorical Imperative† exists in two above formulations, A strictRead More Age of reason Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pagesstudies law but then decides to pursue an independent study of his own ideas (Sartre 132). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;From 1734 to 1737 Hume was busy writing his book, A Treatise of Human Nature, which talked about the problems of thoughtful philosophy (Hampshire 105). However, the public ignored this important piece of work making Hume feel like he was quot;dead-born.quot; After this horrible reaction to A Treatise of Human Nature Hume went back home where he started thinking more about ethicsRead MorePhilosophy Is The Idea Of Knowing One s Mind By Asking The Simplest Question1494 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy is the idea of knowing one’s mind by asking the simplest questions. It’s a love of wisdom, which originated in Ancient Greece around 2500 BCE. In philosophy, people undertake a journey to discovering and understanding the fundamental truths about; themselves, the world, and relationships both personal and public. Philosophers like Plato believed that our ideas influence the way we live, and therefore offered a simple yet practical approach to wisdo m. As over time, philosophers haveRead MoreThe Age of Reason1424 Words   |  6 Pages David Hume A. Contributions to the Age of Reason B. Who and what influenced him II. Jean Jacques Rousseau A. 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Immanuel Kant and AynRead MoreThe Most Influential Thinkers Of The German Enlightenment Era1119 Words   |  5 PagesImmanuel Kant was born April 22, 1724 in Kà ¶nigsberg. Kant is considered one of the most influential thinkers of the German Enlightenment era. He could easily be labeled one of the greatest and most important Western philosophers of all time. Kant was born the fourth of nine children to Johann and Anna Kant. His father was a harness maker, and the large family lived a rather humble life. The family practiced Pietism, an 18th-century branch of the Lutheran Church. As a result of this, Kant’s earlyRead MoreThe Evolution of Western Thought Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesadvancement in all aspects of society. Western thought progressed over time to help build a more intellectual society. Modern philosophers such as Max Horkheimer and Immanuel Kant incorporated their views of Western Thought into their political writings. Western Thought Western thought is defined as the rational and critical inquiry into basic principles. Western thought is often divided into the four main branches of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics. Metaphysics is theRead MoreEssay on Immanuel Kant (1724 - 1804)1093 Words   |  5 PagesImmanuel Kant (1724 - 1804) Author of Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785). The Enlightenment was a desire for human affairs to be guided by rationality than by faith, superstition, or revelation; a belief in the power of human reason to change society and liberate the individual from the restraints of custom or arbitrary authority; all backed up by a world view increasingly validated by science rather than by religion or tradition. (Outram 1995) In the eighteenth centuryRead MoreTranscendentalism and Transcendental Meditation1471 Words   |  6 PagesRomantic philosopher Immanuel Kant. The term refers to the idea that matters of ultimate reality, God, the cosmos, the self transcend, or go beyond, human experience.(www.geocities.com). Transcendental later developed into Transcendentalism, which is The transcending, or going beyond, empiricism, and ascertaining the fundamental principles of human knowledge. Kant (1724-1804) was born and educated in East Prussia. He founded critical philosophy and Transcendental Logic. Kant made significant

Final act dramatically effective Essay Example For Students

Final act dramatically effective Essay Priestleys play An inspector calls is set in 1912, right before the 1st World War. The Birling family is celebrating Sheilas engagement to Gerald Croft, until the unheard of Inspector Goole comes and tells them about Eva Smith and how she committed suicide. The hidden investigation which is taking place in the Birling house is being solved and unravelled.  In order to delve into the dramatic effectiveness of act 3, one must consider the structure; stagecraft and language Priestly gives threw out the play. There is emotive language made by the Inspector before he leaves when he says Fire, blood anguish. The word fire can lead to the meaning of threat, danger and destruction. It probably means that the Inspector is telling the family that something is coming there way which will destroy their way of living or thinking. Also the word blood may have the meaning of spilling, pain and death. This sentence is very effective as after the Inspector says Good night he leaves. Leaving the audience and the family thinking about everything and if anything is going to be coming there way (as he was right with everything else he said through out the play). In the middle of his speech the inspector also says pay a heavy price this makes the audience and the family think as its Mr Birling who will pay the heavy price after sacking Eva. Throughout the play the audience have this constant reminder of Mr Birling saying, A man has to mind his own business and look after himself and his own This later causes dramatic irony, as his attitude to life, affects people like Eva Smith. This is constant as Priestley wants us to realise the key aspect of it at the end of the play. Priestley does this through the inspector he says One Eva Smith has gone but there are millions and millions of Eva Smiths and John Smith still left with usWe dont live alone. We are members of one body. We are responsible for each other, this is case as it is the reason why Eva Smith died, because we do have to have responsibility for one another. This proves Mr Birling wrong, and it makes the audience (if they are first class) think. This is the sentence the inspector uses in apart of his speech before leaving the Birling house; this also causes a lot of moral thinking for the audience which has huge impact on their thoughts of the play as the audience now know what is right and what is wrong. In the play there is the structure that Priestley makes for the Inspector in the order he interviews the Birling Family. He interviews Mr Birling, then Sheila, after that he interviews Gerald and then Mrs Birling then Eric. The inspector interviews them all in this order because its the order they all met Eva Smith. The exceptions are Mrs Birling and Eric. The reason for this is because if Mrs Birling knew Eric had an affair and that it was her grandchild Eva Smith was carrying, she wouldnt have said the truth about blaming the father. When Mrs Birling finds out about Eric, she realises that she had been contradicting herself the whole time. This causes dramatic irony as in the end she condemned her own son. Every ones views changes about Eric after this because over all theyve found out that hes a drunk, he stole company money (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½50) from his fathers and he got Eva Smith pregnant. .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 , .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .postImageUrl , .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 , .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:hover , .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:visited , .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:active { border:0!important; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:active , .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3 .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf2b6ab839f997bea57a07a0a94f9a9f3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Alternative Tempest EssayThe whole story of Eva coming to Mrs Birlings charity leads to breaking the bond Eric and Mrs Birling have, as everything she did to Eva is cruel and prejudice. When Mrs Birling sends Eva away, this causes her to commit suicide (as she gives up after everything shes been through), and therefore killing the baby to. We know that the bond between Eric and Mrs Birling is broken for sure when Eric says you killed them both- damn you, damn you.

Research paper plan Essays - Economy, Psychiatry, Mood Disorders

Research paper plan Introduction : The great depression of the 1930's in America had a massive effect on the country in a number of ways, including economically, religiously and socially. Throughout this essay I will explain how a large percentage of American citizens were effected and why. Throughout I will use a variety of sources to support my points. Critical Question: How did the great depression in the 1930's effect America in terms of economically, religiously and socially? Main Body- The great depression 1930's Economic damage and recovery- Sources- The great depression: Delayed recovery and economic change in America Recovery from great depression- Sources- Relief during the great depression in Australia and America Social reformation Economic rebuild Social and economic effects- source- Hard times in the land of plenty: The effect on income and disability later in life for people born during the great depression . Impact has serious downturn in later life on literature levels Macroeconomic conditions at birth effects on later life.

Free Essays on Eed Diagrams

An entity-relationship diagram, or ERD, shows the overall design structure of a database. The basic unit of an ERD is the entity. Each entity represents a particular kind of data. For instance, an employee training database might have an entity for employee data, and entity for department information, and an entity for the classes. One way to get a handle on entities is to remember that in a relational database there is generally one table for each entity. Recognizing which entities you need in a database is a skill that develops with practice. Nevertheless, some tips can get you started. When you were writing themes in junior high, your English teacher probably told you to have one paragraph for each topic or each point you wanted to make. In database design you have one entity for each data topic. In the example quoted above, you can see that employee information is different than class information. So often when you start detailing the specific pieces of information that need to be stored, those data topics naturally emerge. Another tip is to ask yourself what the purpose of the database is. For instance, an employee database will almost always have an employee entity. A parts inventory database will certainly have a parts entity. Start with that entity. Principles of good database design (chapter 5) will help you see what pieces of information don’t fit in that entity and so must belong to other entities. An Entity-Relationship Diagram shows the relationships among the various entities in a database. Each entity is shown as a rectangle. Where entities are related to other entities, the relationship is shown with a line. A diamond shape on the line is used to hold a word that describes the relationship. For instance, the ERD in Figure 3-1 shows three entities: Employee, Class, and Department. The diamonds describe the relationships between the entities: An employee belongs to a department; an employee takes a class. Note... Free Essays on Eed Diagrams Free Essays on Eed Diagrams An entity-relationship diagram, or ERD, shows the overall design structure of a database. The basic unit of an ERD is the entity. Each entity represents a particular kind of data. For instance, an employee training database might have an entity for employee data, and entity for department information, and an entity for the classes. One way to get a handle on entities is to remember that in a relational database there is generally one table for each entity. Recognizing which entities you need in a database is a skill that develops with practice. Nevertheless, some tips can get you started. When you were writing themes in junior high, your English teacher probably told you to have one paragraph for each topic or each point you wanted to make. In database design you have one entity for each data topic. In the example quoted above, you can see that employee information is different than class information. So often when you start detailing the specific pieces of information that need to be stored, those data topics naturally emerge. Another tip is to ask yourself what the purpose of the database is. For instance, an employee database will almost always have an employee entity. A parts inventory database will certainly have a parts entity. Start with that entity. Principles of good database design (chapter 5) will help you see what pieces of information don’t fit in that entity and so must belong to other entities. An Entity-Relationship Diagram shows the relationships among the various entities in a database. Each entity is shown as a rectangle. Where entities are related to other entities, the relationship is shown with a line. A diamond shape on the line is used to hold a word that describes the relationship. For instance, the ERD in Figure 3-1 shows three entities: Employee, Class, and Department. The diamonds describe the relationships between the entities: An employee belongs to a department; an employee takes a class. Note...

Song of solomon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Song of solomon - Essay Example Thirdly, guitar is fatherless, motherless and homeless while milkman has both parents and is from a good home. Finally milkman is into women and partying while the guitar is into racial equality campaign and politics. Guitar is different from milkman in various ways not only in upbringing but also in his outlook of life. We see when milkman found guitar at the barbershop listening to a story about a black man trampled to death by the whites. Guitar is shaken and wants to protest while milkman is not bothered. Therefore, guitar having had a rough life of poverty and experienced racial discrimination at its worst is determined to speak up. Milkman starts drifting from guitar because their reasoning is changing since he wants to party with women instead of a campaigning. Moreover, milkman thinks about money and business and owning property, guitar thinks about bettering the lives of black people. Guitars life experiences have shaped him to be a more patient man with humility and empathy for his fellow brothers. His poverty has made him to want a better life for his fellow black people. He has no interest in partying and women while his brothers are being discriminated upon. He has no interest in owning property and mistreating his fellow brothers and not caring like his friend milkman. In page 153, guitar tells milkman, ‘†¦cards are stacked up against us†¦ stay alive and in the game, makes us do funny things†¦things that make us hurt one another†¦don’t carry it inside†¦try to understand†¦ just forget it†¦ keep yourself strong†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ((Morrison,153). Q2. What kind of person is Milkman at the beginning of the novel? What makes him tick? What are his attitudes? What evidence in the text do you see of such attitudes? In what ways does he differ from his father? Is he similar in any way? Milkman is a man who does not believe in class difference in the society that is why he befriends

A meeting with the security auditor of your firm Essay

A meeting with the security auditor of your firm - Essay Example It is every customers concern to visit and work with an e commerce website that guarantees privacy and confidentiality of the data they feed to the websites (Ghosh 2001). Several site security aspects are of great importance in the safeguarding of customers confidential information. Notably, privacy or confidentiality is the most major concern of every online business transaction. In consideration of the emerging limitations, flaws and risks being posed by current state of internet technologies, a great mistrust and confusion is ranging from the customers engaging in e-commerce. This e-commerce website values this key concern to foster the trust of our customers to our business platform. In view of this the website is designed to safeguard the information given by the consumers of our services and goods away from unauthorized parties. Several measures have been taken to ensure the above endeavor is met. A minimum of six character password has provided with an encryption mode to protect against hacking. Though the transactions are carried out in a public key infrastructure, only the authorized recipient has a private key to access the encrypted data. More over high secrecy will be exercised to secure the private keys from being manipulated by unauthorized persons (Ghosh 2001). Authentication of a customer’s data is another significant aspect which has been considered to secure our online customers. We note the extensive threats being posed to e-commerce through SQL Injection and the Cross-site scripting. These are the major applications being used by cyber crime enthusiasts to enhance vulnerability of e-commerce sites. Objectively, Secure Socket Layer certificate has been installed in the website to ensure the security of all financial information entered by the clients. It is a common issue that the clients will need to use their debit cards, credit cards, pay pal and other payments methods which leaves traces of their vital and personal

Grammatical aspect Essay Example for Free

Grammatical aspect Essay When my students go through Jose Rizal’s expenses in Europe, they note that his biggest and most regular expenses were for the purchase of books and postage stamps. This is not surprising because we all know that he liked to read and study, and to write home a lot because he was homesick in Madrid. Students also note that he bought 1/10 of a lottery ticket every week. When I ask what he did with a ball of yarn, students reply that Rizal probably had a pet cat, and that he used the yarn to darn the holes in his socks or to tie up the maid for kinky sex. We see ourselves in historical records and I often allow the students to make their own crazy conclusions before drawing them back to the primary source and what it actually says. Other teachers will not allow silly comments in class but I do, hoping that new insight will sometimes be found in a side remark. Rizal’s letters are seldom read because we are so focused on his novels and poetry in a classroom. Yet it is in and through these letters that we see Rizal plain and gain insight into his works. It may be a trivial matter, but Rizal’s letters to family members are the most endearing. Remember 7-11: that Rizal was the seventh child of 11 born to Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso. He was the second of two boys in a home dominated, literally, by women. Rizal’s sisters were as prolific as their parents, so he was often told about new additions to the family. In a letter dated Nov. 23, 1883, Teodora Alonso related: â€Å"Now I’m going to mention to you, one by one, my new debts to the Lord. On June 6, 1882, Lucà ­a delivered a baby boy who was named Josà ©. On 15 Sept. 1882, Neneng gave birth to a boy who was named Alfredo. On 14 June 1883, Sisa gave birth to a girl who was given the name Marà ­a Consolacià ³n; on 3 Sept. 1883, Olimpia gave birth to a boy who was named Aristeo; on 24 Nov. 1883, Lucà ­a gave birth to a girl. On the 26[th] of this month, Neneng gave birth to a girl also. Both girls are not yet baptized but they will be on Sunday. Here many die of childbirth but they went through it safely.† One of thememorable characters of â€Å"Noli Me Tangere† is â€Å"Sisa† a name taken from the nickname of Rizal’s favorite sister Narcisa. On Feb. 27, 1886, she wrote: â€Å"I suppose you don’t know yet that I’m now the mother of six children. In this letter you will see the names of the three older ones written by themselves, and of the last ones, the older was Isabel, the deceased one, and the two, one girl and one boy, are called Consolacià ³n and Leoncio Là ³pez, who is as fat as a melon. The children of Sra. Neneng are three: They are called Alfredo, Adela, and Abelardo. Olimpia’s shortly will be three, like Sra. Neneng’s. The two who are not here are called Aristeo and Cesario; the older one called Aristeo, what a lively boy he is! His godfather is Sr. Paciano. He will be a useful boy when he gets older. At the age of two, he already knows a great deal. He is the only consolation of our parents, I tell you, because when you see this child, even if you are angry, you will be obliged to laugh, he is so funny.† One can only imagine what joy Rizal, homesick in Europe, got from letters. Neneng, for example, described Alfredo Porfirio or â€Å"Freding† in a letter dated Dec. 14, 1882, as having â€Å"a well-shaped body, †¦ stout, round-faced, having a sharp nose, small chin and eyes, flat head, bald on the left side. When we go to Manila, we shall have his picture and mine taken and will send them to you.† Lucia Herbosa, in a letter on Nov. 13, 1882, described a son born to her in that year that they named Jose: â€Å"I amuse myself with Josà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s ear, which is like yours. I tell you that it is really like yours, but I pray that the likeness does not stop there, but that he may have your disposition, your goodness , and diligence in good works.† In July 1886 Lucia’s husband wrote Rizal about their daughter Delfina who was suffering from â€Å"a little inflammation of [her] eye, which is the cause of her absence from school. What a pity she did not become a boy! She is bright and very studious. Her mother is always telling her not to read because her inflammation might worsen, but she is so hardheaded.† Imagine a child insisting on reading! Delfina was to figure in Philippine history 12 years later, in 1898, when she assisted Marcela Agoncillo in Hong Kong in the sewing and embroidering of the first Philippine flag. Education was important for Rizal’s nephews and nieces. His brother Paciano, on July 18, 1886, requested him: â€Å"Furnish me with information of the best schools there. We have many nephews, most of them promising. It is a pity that these ones should fall into the hands of teachers who teach unwillingly and do so only for show. It is true that they inculcate in children very sane principles, such as fear and humility, the first being the beginning of wisdom and the second of apostolic and civic virtue, but it is also true that fear and humility lead to dullness.† It is not enough to see Rizal as a doting uncle; one should also appreciate that the Rizal family put a premium on the education of their little ones. It was no better way of investing in the future, for children were the bella esperanza de la patria mia (the fair hope of the motherland). Posted by Nomerson R. Abedoza at 3:31 am THE DEATH OF JOSE RIZAL: Ambeth Ocampo’s Version Editor’s note: The following is the article written by today’s most famous Filipino historian Ambeth R. Ocampo on Jose Rizal’s death. Simply entitled, â€Å"The Death of Jose Rizal,† this historical piece by the current head of the National Historical Institute (of the Philippines) could be deemed refreshing and controversial, as it offers several unpopular and unorthodox accounts of what (presumably) transpired on the day of Rizal’s execution. For one thing, it virtually proclaims that Rizal refused to kiss the crucifix before he was executed, thereby negating the claim of other historians (like Zaide) that the national hero even asked for this Catholic sacramental. Happy reading! THE OBSERVANT WILL NOTICE metal footprints on the pavement running from Fort Santiago to the Luneta in seafront Manila. They resemble dancing patterns, but actually trace the last steps of Jose Rizal as he walked from his prison cell to the site of his execution on December 30, 1896. The Rizal Centennial Commission claims that the footprints are based on Rizal’s actual shoe size. When people ask why the steps are so small, the quick reply is: â€Å"If you are walking to your death, would you hurry?† The slow walk to Bagumbayan field (as Rizal Park or the Luneta was once called) began at 6:30 a.m. on a cool, clear morning. Rizal was dressed in a black coat and trousers and a white shirt and waistcoat. He was tied elbow to elbow, but held up his head in a chistera or bowler hat. A bugler signaled his passage, while the roll of drums muffled in black cloth gave cadence to his gait. From Fort Santiago he took a right turn, and walked along the Paseo Maria Cristina (now Bonifacio Drive), which gave him a view lifting the darkness over Manila Bay on the right, and a last glimpse of Intramuros, shadowed by the missing sun, on his left. He walked between two Jesuits, Father Estanislao March and Father Jose Villaclara. They too were in black – the trademark black hats, tunics, and heavy coats that made the young Rizal and his Ateneo schoolmates refer to them aspaniki (bats, or colloquially perhaps, batmen). Behind Rizal walked the brother of his former bodyguard, Lieutenant Luis Taviel de Andrade, who had vainly defended him in a farce masquerading as a trial. The streets were lined with people who wanted to see the condemned man, since Rizal was many things to different people: â€Å"leader of the revolution,† physician, novelist, poet, sculptor, heretic, subversive. Rizal was a person one could not be neutral about. Like him or hate him, he was a celebrity. Although he was walking to his death, eyewitnesses desc ribe Rizal as serene – a bit pale, not because of fear of his fate, but because he had not had any breakfast. All he had been given were three hard-boiled eggs, which he took to a corner of his prison cell, saying, â€Å"This is for the rats; let them have a fiesta, too.† Then he left his cell. Rizal is said to have nodded left and right to acknowledge familiar faces in crowd. From time to time he smiled, and is said to have made a few jokes, and laughed at these himself because the Jesuits flanking him remained somber. Others noticed his eyes dart quickly from left to right, and some believed that members of his family or the Katipuneros would make a last-ditch effort to save him from death. Was Rizal waiting for help that never came? And perhaps for an opportunity to spurn that help? Had he expected to see his family by the roadside? We will never know more than the fact that he was walking to his destiny. In the clear morning Rizal could probably see as far as Suson g Dalaga, and appreciate the silhouette of a naked woman on the mountain range across from Manila Bay. â€Å"What a beautiful morning!† he said, â€Å"On mornings like this I used to take walks here with my sweetheart.† Before reaching Bagumbayan, he glanced at Intramuros, sighed, and seeing the spires of the church of San Ignacio, said: â€Å"Is that the Ateneo? I spent many happy years there.† The Jesuits’ response is not recorded. Someone had the foresight to take a photograph of the execution. The scene looked like a box, lined, three or four people deep, on three sides. The empty fourth side faced the bay, and the executioners’ line of fire. Eight Filipino soldiers armed with Remingtons formed the firing squad. Behind them stood the drummers and another line of Spanish soldiers with Mausers, ready to shoot the Filipinos if they refused to shoot, or purposely missed their target. When everyone was in place, there was a slight delay because Rizal refused the customary blindfold, and asked to face the firing squad. The Spanish captain who had guided Rizal to the site insisted that he be shot in the back as ordered, because he was a traitor to Spain. Rizal declared that he had never been a traitor to the country of his birth or to Spain. After some coaxing, Rizal finally turned his back, but again refused the blindfold, and furthermore refused to kneel. After all this haggling he made one last request: that the executioners spare his head, and shoot him in the back towards the heart. When the captain agreed, Rizal clasped the hand of Lieutenant Taviel de Andrade and t hanked him once more for the vain effort of defending him before the military court that sentenced him to death. Meanwhile, a curious Spanish military doctor felt Rizal’s pulse, and was surprised to find it regular and normal. The Jesuits were the last to leave the condemned man. They raised the crucifix to his face and lips, but he turned his head away and silently prepared to meet death. The captain raised his saber in the air, ordered his men to get ready, and barked the order: â€Å"Preparen!† This was followed by the order to aim the rifles: â€Å"Apunten!† In the split second before the saber was brought down with the order to fir – â€Å"Fuego!† – Rizal shouted the last two words of the crucified Christ: â€Å"Consummatum est!† (It is done). The shots rang out, the bullets hit their mark, and Rizal executed that carefully choreographed twist that he had practiced years before, which made him fall faced up on the ground. People held their breath as soldiers came up to the corpse and gave Rizal the tiro de gracia, one last merciful shot in the head at close range to make sure he was really dead. A small dog, the military mascot, ran around the corpse whining, and the crowd moved in for a closer look, but were kept at bay by the soldiers who stood in the first row of spectators. After a short silence, someone shouted: â€Å"Long live Spain! Death to the traitor!† The crowd did not respond. An officer approached the person who had shouted, and berated him. To fill in the gap, the military band played theMarcha de Cadiz. It was 7:03 a.m. The show was over. â€Å"The Death of Jose Rizal: Ambeth Ocampo’s Posted by Nomerson R. Abedoza at 3:22 AM Looking Back Fighting over champagne By Ambeth R. Ocampo Philippine Daily Inquirer 11:01 pm | Thursday, May 23rd, 2013 Marcelo H. del Pilar once quoted Jose Rizal as saying, â€Å"Where there are two Filipinos unity is not possible.† We will never know if Rizal was misquoted, but that line should encourage us to do some soul-searching. It is more relevant to us today than another famous line put in Rizal’s mouth about the necessity of looking to the past to achieve one’s goals: â€Å"Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinagdaanan, di makararating sa paroroonan.† Rizal never said this; he actually wrote something better, in 1879, as an epigraph to his play â€Å"Council of the Gods.† It goes: â€Å"Con el recuerdo del pasado entro en el porvenir (I enter the future remembering the past).† If our textbooks carried better quotes to live by, the world would be better off. People who think Rizal would have become a good president of the Philippines should think twice. He may have had a high IQ but he lacked EQ. He was respected but was not as well-liked as Plaridel (D el Pilar). If Rizal went into politics today, he would not even be elected barangay captain because he was too serious. He would not sing or dance Gangnam style to woo voters. He would neither cheat nor buy votes. And if Rizal were elected at all, he would surely end up being shot in Bagumbayan all over again! This anecdote narrated by Plaridel to Deodato Arellano in March 1891 is one reason Rizal did not get elected leader of the expatriates in Madrid: â€Å"It is a tradition in the [Filipino] colony to have a fraternal dinner on the night of the 31st of December. In the morning of that day the question of serving champagne was brought up in our lodgings, all the more since the boys had taken a great deal of trouble preparing speeches. A thousand ways were discussed to make champagne available that night, and at lunch time there was a great deal of chaffing about it among ourselves, but I kept my mouth shut, and without saying a word was planning to pay for the champagne myself; I wanted to give them a surprise. No sooner said than done; after lunch I went to Bayo’s house to get hold of some money for the night’s champagne. From Bayo’s house I went, at about three o’clock in the afternoon, to the house of Doà ±a Justa Jugo where we had been invited to tea on the birthday of her son. While I was there Rizal arrived and called me aside to tell me: ‘Before coming here I passed by your house and I saw a resolution being prepared asking you to pay for the coffee tonight.’ ‘Agreed,’ I answered. Imagine, how could I not agree when I had been ready to pay for something more expensive! â€Å"Came the night and the young people, in high spirits as usual, signed a paper which they would not let me read: when we were sitting down to dinner, a resolution, very wittily drafted by Lete, and signed by twenty-five guests (we were all in all thirty-one, I believe) was read out, asking me to pay for the coffee, Cunanan for the cigars, and Rizal and Dominador Gomez (who had not yet arrived) for the champagne. â€Å"I expressed my agreement and so did Cunanan. But Rizal had the good or bad taste to protest and argue. I tried to head off his protest by suggesting that the champagne be paid [for] by Modesto Reyes and Mariano Abella, who had agreed to do so, in addition to those already named; but perhaps because Rizal did not hear me, we being far apart, I at the head of the table and he at the extreme left, with the authors of the resolution at the extreme right, my suggestion for reinforcements was not taken up and, on Rizal’s initiative, he began at the left end of the table to collect one peseta per person to pay for the champagne. In the midst of the hubbub someone approached me and whispered: ‘Mr. Editor, the resolution is withdrawn but we are grateful for your kindness with regard to the coffee; we expected nothing less from your generosity.’ â€Å"I understood the bitterness that Rizal’s protest had aroused. The latter, who was oblivious to it, continued gay and witty while I worried about a quarrel breaking out. The collection of one peseta was paid from the left end to the center, but from there to the right end nobody wanted to contribute. â€Å"Witticisms, very ingenious and wounding, began to be directed against Rizal from the right end, but I took advantage of the fact that Rizal did not seem to realize the point of the jokes and stood up to approach those at the right end and asked them confidentially not to spoil such a brotherly gathering. They all listened to me and there were no more jokes for the rest of the dinner. â€Å"Came the time for the toasts. Dr. Rosario started them off and he was so eloquent in the periodic sentence in which he bewailed the lack of diligence of some in their studies that he drew tremendous applause, but at the end of the clapping Rizal was heard saying: ‘We should be sorry for it, not applaud it.’ This caused some sour looks but it passed.† (Translated from the original Spanish by Leon Ma. Guerrero) It is unfortunate we only have Plaridel’s account of Rizal’s surly behavior. All we know is that the election between them was cooked up shortly afterward, resulting in Rizal’s election after repeated balloting. But Rizal walked out, thus giving the leadership to Plaridel by default. In a letter to Plaridel in October 1891, Rizal referred to this episode with bitterness: â€Å"A glass of champagne has dissolved the idol made of clay. If it was really clay, what does it matter if it is gone?† * * * Comments are welcome at [emailprotected] Read more: http://opinion.inquirer.net/53205/fighting-over-champagne#ixzz2beA8vc4j Follow us: @inquirerdotnet on Twitter | inquirerdotnet on Facebook Looking Back ‘Rizal and me’ By Ambeth R. Ocampo Philippine Daily Inquirer 10:26 pm | Thursday, June 20th, 2013 (Concluded from Wednesday) Why should students endure boring textbook biographies of Rizal when he practically left an autobiography scattered in the 25 volumes of his compiled writing? Here, Rizal and me discuss his mother. JOSE RIZAL (JR): Without her, what would have been my education and my fate? Next to God, a mother is everything to a man. AMBETH R. OCAMPO (ARO): I agree. JR: She taught me how to read, she taught me how to stammer the humble prayers that I addressed fervently to God, and now that I’m a young man, oh, where is the simplicity, the innocence, of my early days? ARO: What else? JR: My mother is called Mrs. Teodora Alonso de Quintos, of the family of Mr. Josà © Florentino [of Ilocos], granddaughter, if I remember correctly. ARO: I think Florentino was her cousin. Perhaps your literary gifts were inherited from Leona Florentino of Vigan who is one of the few women remembered in our early Philippine literary history. Thus, you are also related to her son Isabelo de los Reyes. Let’s not get distracted, please continue. JR: My mother was a woman of more than average education. She was conversant with literature and spoke better Spanish than me. She corrected my verses and gave me good advice in rhetoric. She was a mathematician and read many books. Her father [Lorenzo Alberto Alonso], a deputy in the Cortes representing the Philippines, was her teacher. Her brother [Jose Alberto] was educated in Europe and spoke German, English, Spanish and French. He was also knighted with the Order of Isabel la Catolica. ARO: Was it your mother who taught you to read? JR: My first remembrance concerning letters goes back to my earliest age. I must be very small yet because when they polished the floor of our house with banana leaves, I would still fall, slipping on the shiny surface, as did little skilled skaters on ice. It was still difficult for me to climb up a chair. I went down the staircase step by step, holding on to every baluster, and in our house, as in the whole town, petroleum was unknown. Neither had I seen until that time any quinque lamp, nor had any carriage ever passed through the streets of my town that I believed to be the height of joy and animation. One night, when everybody else at home was already asleep, when the lights in the globes had already been put out by blowing them off by means of a curved tin tube that seemed to me the most exquisite and wonderful toy in the world, I don’t know why my mother and I remained watching beside the only light that in all Philippine houses burned all night long, and that went out precisely at dawn, waking the people with its cheerful hissing. My mother then was still young. After a bath her hair, which she let down to dry, dragged half a handbreadth on the floor, by which reason she knotted its end. ARO: Wow! I have seen 19th-century paintings and photographs depicting Filipino women whose hair reached the floor. My mother once had hair that measured over four feet. As a sign of her freedom from her parents, the first thing she did upon marriage was to cut that marvelous Rapunzel-like hair. Next, she turned my father’s favorite shirt into a basahan (rag). Sorry, please continue. JR: My mother taught me to read in Amigo de los Nià ±os (The Children’s Friend), an old book [by the Abbot Sabatier translated from the original French to Spanish] that [at the time] had become quite rare. It had lost its cover and one of my sisters cleverly covered it again by pasting a thick blue paper, the remnant of the wrapper of a bolt of cloth, on its back. That night my mother was annoyed listening to me read poorly. I didn’t understand Spanish and couldn’t add expression to the phrases. She took the book from me. After scolding me for drawing rude pictures on its pages, she began to read, asking me to follow her example. My mother, when her sight was not yet impaired, read very well. She could recite and write poetry. How many times during Christmas vacation afterward, she corrected my poems, making very apt observations. I listened to he r full of childish admiration. I marveled at the ease with which she read sonorous phrases from the same pages that cost me so much effort to read and that I deciphered haltingly. Perhaps my ears soon got tired of hearing sounds that meant nothing to me. Perhaps due to my natural distraction, I lacked attention to the reading and watched more closely the cheerful flame around which some small moths fluttered with playful and uneven flight. Perhaps I yawned, and my mother noticed I had lost interest. She stopped reading and said to me: â€Å"Now I’m going to read to you a very pretty story. Listen.† ARO: Ah, the famous story of the gamu-gamo known by all Filipino children. Prewar â€Å"Philippine Readers† carried illustrations by National Artist Fernando Amorsolo, one of you and your mother reading. Who else told you stories when you were a boy? JR: We would go to the azotea or to some window where the moon could be seen, then my aya would tell us stories, someti mes sad and at other times happy, in which skeletons and buried treasure, and trees blooming with diamonds, were mingled in confusion, all born of an Oriental imagination. Sometimes she told us that men lived on the moon, or that the markings we could see on the moon were nothing else but a woman forever weaving. The publication of â€Å"Rizal and me† is forthcoming. * * * Comments are welcome at [emailprotected] The Auxiliary Verb Recognize an auxiliary verb when you see one. Every sentence must have a verb. To depict doable activities, writers use action verbs. To describe conditions, writers choose linking verbs. Sometimes an action or condition occurs just once—bang!—and its over. Nate stubbed his toe. He is miserable with pain. Other times, the activity or condition continues over a long stretch of time, happens predictably, or occurs in relationship to other events. In these instances, a single-word verb like stubbed or iscannot accurately describe what happened, so writers use multipart verb phrases to communicate what they mean. As many as four words can comprise a verb phrase. A main or base verb indicates the type of action or condition, and auxiliary—or helping—verbs convey the other nuances that writers want to express. Read these three examples: Sherylee smacked her lips as raspberry jelly dripped from the donut onto her white shirt. Sherylee is always dripping something. Since Sherylee is such a klutz, she should have been eating a cake donut, which would not have stained her shirt. In the first sentence, smacked and dripped, single-word verbs, describe the quick actions of both Sherylee and the raspberry jelly. Since Sherylee has a pattern of messiness, is dripping communicates the frequency of her clumsiness. The auxiliary verbs that comprise should have been eating and would have stained express not only time relationships but also evaluation of Sherylees actions. Below are the auxiliary verbs. You can conjugate be, do, and have; the modal auxiliaries, however, never change form. Be| Do| Have| am is are was were being been| does do did| has have had having| Modal Auxiliaries [Never Change Form]| can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would| Understand the dual nature of be, do, and have. Be, do, and have are both stand-alone verbs and auxiliary verbs. When these verbs are auxiliary, you will find them teamed with other verbs to complete the verb phrase. Compare these sentences: Freddy is envious of Beatrice’s steaming bowl of squid eyeball stew. Is = linking verb. Freddy is studying Beatrice’s steaming bowl of squid eyeball stew with envy in his eyes. Is = auxiliary verb; studying = present participle completing the verb phrase. We did our homework for Mrs. Long. Did = action verb. We’re not slackers! We did prepare our homework for Mrs. Long. Did = auxiliary verb; prepare = main verb completing the verb phrase. Selena has twelve orange goldfish in her aquarium. Has = action verb. Selena has bought a catfish to help keep the tank clean. Has = auxiliary verb; bought = past participle completing the verb phrase. Form progressive tenses with the auxiliary verb be. All progressive tenses use a form of be. Present progressive follows this pattern: am, is, or are + present participle Use the present progressive tense to convey an action or condition happening right now or frequently. I am baking chocolate-broccoli muffins today. Am = auxiliary verb; baking = present participle completing the verb phrase. Alex is sitting at the kitchen table, anticipating his first bite. Is = auxiliary verb; sitting = present participle completing the verb phrase. Alex must wait a while longer because the muffins are cooling by the window. Are = auxiliary verb; cooling = present participle completing the verb phrase. Impatient Alex is always waiting to taste whatever I cook. Is = auxiliary verb; waiting = present participle completing the verb phrase. Past progressive follows this pattern: was or were + present participle Use the past progressive tense to show either 1) an action or condition that continued in the past or 2) an action or condition interrupted by another. Naomi was hoping for an A in her organic chemistry class. Was = auxiliary verb; hoping = present participle completing the verb phrase. Unfortunately, Naomis lab reports were missing the nutritional data on chocolate-broccoli muffins. Were = auxiliary verb; missing = present participle completing the verb phrase. While Naomi was obsessing about her grade, Jason shared the data that she needed. Was = auxiliary verb; obsessing = present participle completing the verb phrase. Future progressive looks like this: will + be + present participle Use the future progressive tense to indicate an action that will continue in the future. I will be growing broccoli in the backyard this spring. Will, be = auxiliary verbs; growing = present participle completing the verb phrase. Soon, Alex will be eating organic chocolate-broccoli muffins! Will, be = auxiliary verbs; eating = present participle completing the verb phrase. Form passive voice with be. You can make any transitive verb—an action verb that can take a direct object—passive with the auxiliary verb be. Active voice looks like this: subject + verb + direct object. Here are some samples: We licked our lips. Frank devoured a bacon double cheeseburger. Everyone envied his enjoyment. Passive voice makes these changes: direct object as subject + form of be + past participle + by + subject as object of the preposition. Now read these revisions: Our lips were licked by us. The double bacon cheeseburger was being devoured by Frank. His enjoyment was envied by everyone. Notice how wordy and clunky passive voice is! Now you know why English teachers tell you to avoid it! Form perfect tenses with have. All perfect tenses use a form of have. Present perfect follows this pattern: has or have + past participle Use the present perfect tense to convey an action or condition that began in the past but continues [or is finished] in the present. Marge has bought earplugs to drown out her husbands snoring. Has = auxiliary verb; bought = past participle completing the verb phrase. The earplugs have saved Marges marriage to George. Have = auxiliary verb; saved = past participle completing the verb phrase. Past perfect follows this pattern: had + past participle Use the past perfect tense to show that one action in the past occurred before another. Because Marge had purchased the earplugs, she no longer fantasized about smothering George with a pillow. Had = auxiliary verb; purchased = past participle completing the verb phrase. Future perfect follows this pattern: will + have + past participle Use the future perfect tense to indicate that an action will be finished in the future. This Sunday, Marge will have gotten an entire week of uninterrupted sleep. Will, have = auxiliary verbs; gotten = past participle completing the verb phrase. Form emphatic tenses with do. When you use a form of do as an auxiliary verb, you form the emphatic tense. This tense is useful for asking questions or emphasizing an action. The patterns look like these: form of do + main verb form of do + subject + main verb ? I did not eat your leftover pizza! Did = auxiliary verb; eat = main verb completing the verb phrase. Do you always accuse the first person you see? Do = auxiliary verb; accuse = main verb completing the verb phrase. Doesnt the evidence point to Samuel, who still has a bit of black olive stuck to his front tooth? Does = auxiliary verb; point = main verb completing the verb phrase. Understand the job of modal auxiliary verbs. Modal auxiliary verbs never change form. You cannot add an ed, ing, or s ending to these words.Can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, and would have only one form. You can use modal auxiliary verbs in these patterns: modal + main verb modal + be + present participle modal + have + past participle With modal auxiliaries, you can indicate necessity or obligation: To lose her orange glow, Yvonne should eat fewer carrots. John must remember his wifes birthday this year. If Cecilia wants a nice lawn, she ought to be raking the leaves. Or you can show possibility: Fred might share his calculus homework if you offer him a slice of pizza. Ann could have run the half marathon if she had started to train four months ago. Modal auxiliaries also show willingness or ability: Nicole will babysit your pet iguana for a reasonable fee. Jason can pass chemistry this semester if he stops spending his study time at the arcade. Your answers were:| 1. I will have the soup| Main Verb Auxiliary Verb| 2. Police are investigating the incident| Main Verb Auxiliary Verb| 3. It is very peaceful here| Main Verb Auxiliary Verb| 4. Where does your brother work?| Main Verb Auxiliary Verb| 5. They have decided to advertise your job| Main Verb Auxiliary Verb| 6. He does his homework on the way to school| Main Verb Auxiliary Verb| ReviewAuxiliary verbs always occur with a main verb, but main verbs can occur alone. So the main verbs in this exercise are in (1), (3), and (6). In (1), the main verb have has the modal auxiliary will before it. In (3), the main verb isoccurs without any auxiliary it is a simple present tense verb, third person singular. In (6), does is a main verb, without any auxiliary.The other highlighted verbs are auxiliaries. In (2), the progressive auxiliary are comes before the main verbinvestigating.In (4), does is the present tense form, third person singular, of the dummy auxiliary do. Here it is used to form a question, and the main verb is work.In (5), have is the perfective auxiliary, and the main verb is decided.This exercise shows that the verbs be, have, and do can be both auxiliaries and main verbs. It is easy to distinguish between the two uses if you apply a replacement test. For example, in He does his homework we can replace the main verb does with other main verbs:He does his homework ~He writes/scribbles/loses his homeworkBut this does not work if the verb were replacing is an auxiliary:Where does your brother work? ~*Wherewrites/scribbles/loses your brother workNow try the same test with the following pair:Main Verb: I will have the soup Auxiliary Verb: They have decided to advertise|